Command#

The intent of the command pattern is to turn commands into stand-alone objects so that the object invoking the command does not need to worry about how the command is done. By doing so you can delay, queue, undo commands.

Structure#

classDiagram CommandInterface <-- Invoker CommandInterface <|-- ConcreteCommand Receiver <-- ConcreteCommand class Invoker{ setCommand() execute() } class CommandInterface{ execute() undo() } class ConcreteCommand{ execute() = receiver.action() undo() } class Receiver{ action() }

Example#

// Client
public class CommandPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Stock abcStock = new Stock();

      BuyStock buyStockOrder = new BuyStock(abcStock);
      SellStock sellStockOrder = new SellStock(abcStock);

      Broker broker = new Broker();
      broker.takeOrder(buyStockOrder);
      broker.takeOrder(sellStockOrder);

      broker.placeOrders();
   }
}
// Command Interface
public interface Order {
    void execute(); 
}
// Receiver
public class Stock {
   private String name = "ABC";
   private int quantity = 10;

   public void buy(){
      System.out.println("Stock [ Name: "+name+", 
         Quantity: " + quantity +" ] bought");
   }
   public void sell(){
      System.out.println("Stock [ Name: "+name+", 
         Quantity: " + quantity +" ] sold");
   }
}
// ConcreteCommands
public class BuyStock implements Order {
   private Stock abcStock;

   public BuyStock(Stock abcStock){
      this.abcStock = abcStock;
   }

   public void execute() {
      abcStock.buy();
   }
}
public class SellStock implements Order {
   private Stock abcStock;

   public SellStock(Stock abcStock){
      this.abcStock = abcStock;
   }

   public void execute() {
      abcStock.sell();
   }
}       
// Invoker
public class Broker {
   private List<Order> orderList = new ArrayList<Order>(); 

   public void takeOrder(Order order){
      orderList.add(order);     
   }

   public void placeOrders(){
      for (Order order : orderList) {
         order.execute();
      }
      orderList.clear();
   }
}